人际交往关系的要素

 renjijiaowang xintaixuedeyanjiumudeshimingquerenjiguanxizhongdezhongzhongxintai、xingweifashengdetiaojianheqingjing，bingshiyouguanzheifangmiandezhishixitonghuahelilunhua，shineixiebuwanquanxiangjindeshehuichangshixingzhishidedaoshenghua。renjijiaowangxintaixueyanjiudeduixiangshirenyurenzhijiandexintaiguanxi，shibixingweigengweishencengdedongxi，shigetizaijiaowanghuodongzhongsuobiaoxiandexingweideguanlianxinghebiranxingguilv，suoyiwomenjiuguolaitantaoyixiarenjijiaowangguanxiba。

一、人际关系的定义

 renjiguanxishizhirenyurenzhijianxintaishangdeguanxi、xintaishangdejuli。ziyourenleishehuiyilai，renjiuyoujiaowangshangdexuyao。suoyirenjiguanxishideyishengcun、renleishehuideyicunzaihefazhandejichuhebaozheng。yejiushishuo，renjijiaowangjianggerenyugeren、gerenyuquntixianglianjiebingxingchengxianghuzuoyong，xianghuyingxianggongtongfazhandewangluoxitong。

二、人际关系的要素

1、交往的主动性

 renmenzaijiaoliugoutongdeguochengzhong，bushiyifanglingdaolingyifang，ershishuangfangdoushihuodongdezhuti。zairichangshenghuozhong，womenchangkepengdaozheiyangdeqingkuang，runishangjiegouwu，suirannikezhudongdixuanzemoupinpaideshangpin，danyingyeyuanyekezhudongxiangnijieshaoxiangguanpinpaideshangpinxinxi，gongnixuanze。zheijiushishuozairenjijiaowangguochengzhong，meiyifangdoushijijihuodongzhedezhuti，suobutongdeshisuochudiweiyouzhucieryi。danjishichuyuciyaodiweideyifang，yebushibeidongdijieshouxinxi，jixiedizuochufanying，ershigenjuzijideyaoqiu，xingququlijiehefenxiduifangdexinxibingzuochufankui，diaozhengzijideyanxing，dadaoxinxijiaoliuzhimude。

2、交往的互益性

 dangegetidegezhonghuodong，suirankenengyuwaijieyoumiqiedeguanxi，danbunengchengzhiweirenjijiaowang。renjijiaowangbixushizailianggeyishangdegetizhijianjinxingdexianghuzuoyongdehuodong。yifangfachuxinxihuiyinqilingyifangzaixintaihexingweishangdefanying，zheizhongfanyingfanguolaichengweixindexinxizuoyongyuqianzhe。

3、交往的条件性

 zairenjijiaowangzhong，shouyaodetiaojianshishuangfangsuoshiyongdefuhaobixuxiangtonghuoxiangtong，zheishijiaowangfashengdebibeitiaojian。keyishiyuyanfuhao，yekeyishifeiyuyanfuhao。rufuhaobutongkenaochuxuduoxiaohua。li：yigewaiguorenyubenguorenjiaowangshi，bixushiyongtongyizhonghuobicidounenglijiedeyuyan，huoqitafuhao，fouzeyichanshengwaiqu、wujie。

三、人际交往的功能

1、获得信息的功能

 suizheshidaidefazhan，xinxichengjihejishudizengzhang，nengzhijiecongshubenshanghuodedezhishihexinxizongshiyouxiande，zheixuyaorenmenyigengxunsudefangfazhijiegoutongxinxi。rudiannaoshangwang，keyijiaoyou、gouwu、deng。dangjinshehuishixinxideshehui，xinxijiushizhishi，xinxijiushicaifu，yourenyouyuhuodelemouyixinxi，erchengweibaiwanfuweng；eryouyouyuxinxidezhihoushiniluohou，shenzhiqiyedaobi。

2、心态保健的功能

 renmenjinxingjiaowangbujinhuodexinxijiaoliu，erqieshixianxintaishangdegoutong，qingganshangdejiaoliu。ru：zaijiaoliuguochengzhong，shuangfangduimouyiwentihuomouyiguandiandouyouxiangtongderenzhi，shuangfanghuichanshengqingganshangdegongming，yueshuoyuetouji，bicichengweililiangjiquheqingganxuanxiededuixiang。dajiazaishenghuozhongdouyouzheiyangdetiyan，youshiyudaohaoyouyoutanbuwandehuati，zhenshijiufengzhijiqianbeishao，jishiduifangdemouyiguandianbuyizhi，yebuhuiyuyizhizehuopaichi，erhuicaiqujiena、rongrendetaidu。zheishuomingtamenzaijiaowangshibicixiangrong，xintaishangdejulihenjin，shuangfangdouhuigandaoxinqingshuchang，yukuai。

 yincirenleixintaijiankangdeshiying，qishizhishirenjiguanxideshiying。xiangfan，xintaibingtai，shirenjiguanxideshidiaosuozhi。rubicicaiquxiaoji、fouding、paichidetaidu，xueruolerenjiguanxichaobulidefangxiangfazhan，erchanshengfenlixingqinggan。ruliangrenyoumaodun，yebuyuangoutong。nikanbuguanwo，woyekanbuguanni，bicixintaijulihenda，yichanshengtongkuqingxujigudujimogan。rupoxiguanxibuhe、fuqizhijianyijifumuyuzinvzhijiandefenqi，douhuichanshengxintaishangdebuliangyinsu，yousunxinshenjiankang。

3、cujinziwoyishifazhandegongneng

 bangyangdeliliangcushirenchengzhang。ziwoyishidefazhanshitongguojiaowangshixiande，zaiyutarendejiaowangzhong，huichanshenggaibianziwodexingqu、dongji、nengli、yizhihexingwei。renzaicongtarenduizijidetaiduhepingjiazhongrenshiziwoxingxiang，ziwoyishidefazhanyezaibuduanjiaowangzhongquyukeguan、chengshu、wanshan。

四、交流技巧

 renjijiaoliuyejiushirenmenmianduimianjinxingxinxiheqinggandejiaohuan。renjuyoushehuishuxing，xuyaoxianghujiaoliu，jiushimoshengrenjuzaiyiqiyenengjiaoliu。liruzaijichang，zaihouzhenshihuoguanchaqiusaideng，renmenjuzaiyiqiyehuixianglaopengyouyiyangjinxingjiaoliu，renmenzaihuxiangjiaoliusixiang、hutongqinggandeguochengzhong，youtongguoyuyanjiaoliu，yeyoutongguofeiyuyanjiaoliu，baokuobiaoqing、zitaideng。

1、congduifangdelichangchufa，jianlihuitanguanxi。

 taiduyaowenhe，yaoshiyongbicitingdedongdeyuyan。shouxianyaofangsong，gaosuqingtalaideliyou，rangtaandingxialai，jianlihuitanguanxi。

2、细心观察

 zaihuitanguochengzhong，womenchuleyaotingyaoshuowai，haiyaoduibingrendeyijuyidongchayanguanse，zhuyitadeyanwaizhiyi，tongshiyeyaoguanchatadeqingxudengbianhua。youqishijingshenbingren，congtanhuakefaxiantadezhengzhuangbianhua，siweidengqingkuang。

3、提问的技巧

 tiwenshi“jiaotandejibenshouduan”。jiaotanzhenengfoutichuheshidewentishiyouxiaojiaotanzhongzuizhongyaodejiqiao。yibanlaishuoyouliangleitiwenfangshi：kaifangshihefengbishi。

4、重复

 zaijiaotanguochengzhong，zhongfushijiaoliudefankuijizhi，tongguozhongfu，keyirangtalejiezijizhengzaiqingtingtadejiangshu，binglijietasuoshuodeneirong。zhongfujitayiyizhongzijidehuayourenqingting，zhengzaishengxiaozhigan，jiaqiangqizixinxin。shitagandaozijidehuayouxiaoguohuobeilijieshi，jiuhuigandaobeiguli，congerjixujiangshu，bingjinyibusikao。

7、倾听

 zheilisuojiangde“qingting”，bushizhishengligongnengde“tingli”，ershiyizhongxintaigongneng，shiduijieshoudaodexinxisuozuojijinengdongdexintaifanying；shouxianyaorenzhen，yongxinqutingduifangjianghua，bushouwaijieganrao。duiduifangdejianghuayaozuochushidangdefanying，ruyingyongzhongfu，huoyuqicihuodiantoubiaoshideng；

 yaobuzhuomeiyigeyouguanxinxi，danbuyaoqingyijiduifangdehuazuochupanduan，yebuyaojiyubiaodazijideguandianheyijian;meitingqingshi，yaokeqidiqingduifangzhongfu;tishiyuyandedisizuoyongshiweichigoutongzhedeziwoxingxiang，danzheigezuoyongyexuburutishiyuyandeqitazuoyongmingxian。tishiyuyankebangzhurenmenzaitarenmianqianqiaruqifendibiaoxianzijidexingxiang，yekeyibangzhurenmenbiaoxiantamenxiangzaitarenmianqianbiaoxiandexingxiang。