什么是水星凌日

 shenmeshishuixinglingri，shiyouyushuixinghediqiuderaoriyunxingguidaobuzaitongyigepingmianshang，ershiyouyige7dudeqingjiao。erzhezhiyoulianggejiaodian：shengjiaodianyujiangjiaodian。yinci，zhiyoushuixingchuyuguidaoshangdezheilianggejiaodianfujin，errishuidisanzheyouqiahaopaichengyitiaozhixianshi，zaidiqiushangkeyiguanchadaotaiyangshangyouyigexiaoheibanzaihuanmanyidong，zheizhongxianxiangchengweishuixinglingri。

一、水星凌日原理

 shuixinglingriyuanliyurishixiangsi。youyushuixinghediqiuderaoriyunxingguidaobuzaitongyigepingmianshang，ershiyouyige7dudeqingjiao。erzhezhiyoulianggejiaodian:shengjiaodianyujiangjiaodian。yinci，zhiyoushuixingchuyuguidaoshangdezheilianggejiaodianfujin，errishuidisanzheyouqiahaopaichengyitiaozhixianshi，zaidiqiushangkeyiguanchadaotaiyangshangyouyigexiaoheibanzaihuanmanyidong，zheizhongxianxiangchengweishuixinglingri。xiaoheibanshiyouyushuixingdangzhuletaiyangshexiangdiqiudeyibufenguangerxingchengde。

 diqiumeinian5yue8riqianhoujingguoshuixingguidaodejiangjiaodian，meinian11yue10riqianhouyoujingguoshuixingguidaodeshengjiaodian。suoyi，shuixinglingrizhinengfashengzaizheilianggeriqideqianhou。shuixinglingrifashengzai5yue（jiangjiaodian）bifashengzai11yue（shengjiaodian）shaodeduo。

 shuixingraotaiyangyunxingdezhouqiwei88tian，danshiyouyushuixinghediqiudegongzhuanguidaocunzaiyidingdejiajiao，shuixing、taiyang、diqiuhenshaohuipailiezaiyitiaozhixianshang。yincizheizhongshuixinglingridetianxiangmeishijizhihuichuxian13.4ci。

 shenmeshishuixinglingri，tashiyizhongtianwenxianxiang。shuixinglingriyuanlishidangshuixingyunxingzhidiqiuhetaiyangzhijian，ruguosanzhenenggoulianchengzhixian，bianhuichanshengshuixinglingrixianxiang。guanceshihuifaxianyiheisexiaoyuandianhengxiangchuanguotaiyangyuanmian，heisexiaoyuandianjiushishuixingdetouying。shuixinglingrifashengzaiwuyuechuhuoshiyiyuechu，pingjunmeibainianchuxianshisancishuixinglingridexianxiang。

二、水星凌日的特点

1、shuixingjulidiqiuzhiyou8415wanqianmi，bifashengzai11yuedeshuixinglingrijin1737wanqianmi。

2、shuixingshizhijingwei12jiaomiao，bifashengzai11yuedeshuixinglingridawufenzhiyi。

 3、shizhijing，shuixingyutaiyangxiangbi，wei1bi158；er11yuedeshuixinglingri，wei1bi193。yinci，wulunshiguanchahaishipaisheshuixinglingri，2003niandoushibukeduodedeliangji。

三、水星凌日的观测历史

 zairenleilishishang，diyiciyugaoshuixinglingrishi“xingxingyundongsandadinglv”defaxianzhe，deguotianwenxuejiakaipule（1571zhi1630nian）。tazai1629nianyuyan：1631nian11yue7 rijiangfashengxiqitianxiang——shuixinglingri。dangri，faguotianwenxuejiajiasangdizaibaliqinyanmududaoyougexiaoheidian（shuixing）zairimianshangyoudongxiangxixuxuyidong。cong1631nianzhi2003nian，gongchuxian50cishuixinglingri，qizhong，fashengzai11yuedeyou35ci，fashengzai5yuedejinyou15ci。

 zaiwangyuanjingfamingzhiqian，shuixinglingrishiwufaguankande。faguotianwenxuejiapier-jiasangdiyu1631nianshoucifaxianzheiyixianxiang,tadeguancejieguosuihoubeizhengmingkeyiyongyuceliangtaiyangxizhijiandedachidujuli，baokuoridijulideng。

 zaishuixinglingrifashengshi，womenkeyikandaoshuixingxiangyigexiaoheidianyiyangcongtaiyangbiaomianmanmanpaguo。xiangyaoguankanshuixinglingribixuzhuyiyaozaiwangyuanjingshanganzhuangfangtaiyangfushejing，huozhejiangguancetuxiangchuanzhixianshipingshangguankan，fouzehuiduishilihuizaochengyanzhongshanghai。zaicicishuixinglingriguochengzhong，xiaweiyidaxuetianwenxueyuanjiangguanceshuixingxibodaqizhongdenahanliang。ciwai，laiziriben、meiguo、ouzhoudengguojiadeduogehangtianqijiangjinxingquanchengzhuizong。

 renleilishishangweiyiyicixiangshuixingfashefeichuanshizai1974zhi1975nian。meiguode“shuixingxinshi”haotanceqijiangzai2009niandidashuixing。